Iinjini zemoto zakuqala zazingenaso eso sincedisi siyimfuneko namhlanje: impompo.Indlela yokupholisa engamanzi esetyenzisiweyo ibingamanzi acwengileyo, axutywe nangaphezulu kancinane kunephenyl alcohol, ukuthintela umkhenkce.Ukujikeleza kwamanzi okupholisa kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwinto yendalo ye-thermal convection.Emva kokuba amanzi okupholisa afunxa ubushushu kumzimba wesilinda, aqukuqela ngokwemvelo ukuya kumjelo  kwaye angene kumda weradiyetha;Njengoko amanzi okupholisa ephola, atshona ngokwemvelo ukuya ezantsi kwiradiyetha nakwindawo esezantsi yesilinda.Ukusebenzisa lo mgaqo we-thermosiphon, ukupholisa akunakufezekiswa ngokulula.Kodwa kungekudala emva koko, iimpompo zamanzi zongezwa kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa ukuvumela amanzi okupholisa ukuba ahambe ngokukhawuleza.

Inkqubo yokupholisa yenjini yemoto yanamhlanje  ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa impompo yamanzi ephakathi.Eyona ndawo ifanelekileyo yokufakela impompo isezantsi kwenkqubo yokupholisa, kodwa  inxalenye yempompo ifakwe kumbindi wenkqubo yokupholisa, kwaye inani elikhulu leempompo lifakwe phezulu kwi-injini.Ipompo efakwe phezulu kwi-injini ixhomekeke kwi-cavitation.Nokuba ikwesiphi na indawo, amanzi empompo yempompo , afana neNaitai V8 injini yempompo yamanzi, isantya esingasebenziyo simalunga ne-750L/h, ukuya kwisantya esipheleleyo esimalunga ne-12000L/h.

Ukusuka kwimbono yobomi benkonzo, olona tshintsho lubalulekileyo kuyilo lwempompo  kukuba amatywina e-ceramic avele kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.Xa kuthelekiswa neempawu zeerubha okanye izikhumba zesikhumba ezisetyenzisiweyo ngaphambili, izitywina ze-ceramic zigqithise ukugqoka, kodwa nazo zinobunzima bokuchithwa ngokulula ngamaqhekeza anzima kumanzi okupholisa.Nangona ukwenzela ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli kwesitywina sempompo kuyilo lwe- ukwenza uphuculo oluqhubekayo, kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ayinakuqinisekisa ukuba isitywina sempompo asiyongxaki. Nje ukuba itywina libonakale livuza, emva koko ukuthambisa kwempompo yokuthwala kuyakukhukuliseka.

1. Ukuxilongwa kweempazamo

Kwiminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo, ukuqina kweemoto kuye kwaphuculwa nge-, ngoko ingaba ubomi benkonzo yeempompo zamanzi buya busiba mbi kakhulu kunakuqala?Akunjalo.Iimpompo zanamhlanje zisafuna ukutshintshwa  ubungakanani bomsebenzi, imoto iqhube malunga ne-100 lamawaka eekhilomitha, impompo nangaliphi na ixesha kukho ukusilela.

Ukuxilongwa kokusilela kwempompo  ukuthetha ngokubanzi kulula.Kwimeko yokuvuza kwesixokelelwano sokupholisa, ivumba le-thermal antifreeze linokunukelwa, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukujonga  ukufumanisa ukuba amanzi okupholisa ayavuza na kwi-shaft shaft seal.Ingasebenzisa  ukukhanya kwesipili esincinci ukujonga ukuba umngxuma wempompo yamanzi uyavuza na.Ukugcina rhoqo, kuqwalaselwe ukukhangela ukulahleka kwesipholisi setanki yamanzi.

Ukuvuza yimpazamo yokuqala yempompo, ingxolo yimpazamo yesibini, ngenxa yokuzala kwe-abrasion kwaye kubangele isenzeko sokulunywa kwe-shaft yempompo efileyo  bona. Nje ukuba le nto yenzeke, iradiyetha iya konakaliswa emva komoya.

Nangona ukonakala okumandundu kwesishukumisi sempompo yamanzi kuhlala kubonwa kuncwadi lolondolozo lwemoto, kodwa ukuba ulondolozo lwesiqhelo luyenziwa, ukuthotywa kwe-impeller asiyonto ixhaphakileyo .Xa ubona umbala opholileyo obomvu, nomhlwa, kuqikelelwa ukuba ingxaki ye-impeller corrosion.Ngeli xesha, kufuneka ujonge ukujikeleza kwesipholisi sempompo, isipholileyo kwiradiyetha sinokukhululwa  inxalenye, ukuze umgangatho wamanzi ugcinwe nje kumbhobho wamanzi, kwaye ufudumeze i-injini, isixhobo sobushushu singaphakathi. indawo evuleleke ngokupheleleyo.Ukujikeleza kwamanzi okulungileyo kufuneka kubonakale xa injini isebenza kwi-3000r / min.Enye ingxaki enokwenzeka kukuba i-impeller yepompo ibonakala kwi-shaft.

2. Unobangela wokusilela

Ngokuphathelele unobangela wokungaphumeleli kwempompo, abanye abasemagunyeni bakholelwa ukuba kunye  ibhanti drive izincedisi ngakumbi nangakumbi, ukuze umthwalo icala unobangela.Njengoko  iingcali zetywina zitshilo, "kukho ubungqina bokuba i-resonance ye-attachment kunye ne-root belt drive ine-frequency eyahlukileyo, enokutshabalalisa itywina lempompo."Enye  ingxaki ngokusilela kwempompo kukuba isixhobo soxinzelelo sebhanti lenyoka senza umthwalo osecaleni obalulekileyo kwimpompo.I-Cavitation yenye ingxaki  yempompo, njengakwicala lamanzi lembhobho yokubola, ngoko ke idla ngokufakelwa isivalo seradiyetha yoxinzelelo.Xa ufaka impompo endaweni yempompo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba  iiclutshi ezintsha zefeni zifakwe, njengoko i-clutch engalungelelananga inokubangela iingxaki ngempompo.

Kukho iingcaphephe zokuba ukushisa okugqithisileyo ukungabikho kogcino nako kungunobangela weengxaki zempompo.Ukuba isisipholisi siphulukene namandla aso okuthambisa itywina , isitywini sinokukhukuliswa.Ukongezelela, ukungaphumeleli kwempompo kunokuba ngenxa yomgangatho ophantsi wempompo ngokwayo.

3. Inzululwazi yeebhanti

Imodeli endala  ngokubanzi ithatha ibhanti eliqhelekileyo elimilise u-V, ngelixa imodeli entsha isenokusebenzisa ibhanti lenyoka.Ukuba imodeli endala yempompo efakwe kwimodeli entsha , kunokubakho isalathiso sengxaki.Ngenxa yokuba ibhanti yenyoka inokuqhuba i-impeller yempompo kwicala elichasene ne-V-belt, impompo iya kujikeleza kwelinye icala, okukhokelela ekugqithiseni kwe-coolant.

Ngoku ii-injini ezininzi ngakumbi zisebenzisa ibhanti lexesha le-nap-camshaft ukuqhuba impompo yamanzi.Inzuzo yokwenza oku kukuba ukuba impompo yamanzi ayijikelezi, imoto ayikwazi ukuqhutyelwa, kwaye inokunciphisa injini  degree.Kufuneka igxininiswe into yokuba ibhanti lexesha kufuneka litshintshwe emva kwexesha elifanelekileyo .Ngamanye amaxesha uyalubona olu ▶ uhlobo lwemeko.Kufakelo  ibhanti lexesha elitsha kwixeshana elifutshane, impompo yamanzi yonakalisiwe, ngokubanzi oku kubangelwe ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwebhanti.Ngoko ke, xa ufaka iimpompo ezintsha, musa ukutshintshela kancinci kwibhanti entsha.

4. Ukugcinwa kwempompo yamanzi

Apha ukuthetha ngengxaki yokupholisa, kunye nokugcinwa  eminye imiba efuna ukuhoywa.Kwiimoto zanamhlanje , ezihlala zisebenzisa i-injini ye-aluminiyam yonke enomthwalo ophezulu we-thermal, ukutshintsha into yokupholisa minyaka le kubonakala kuyeyona ndlela yokuthintela iingxaki.Nangona kunjalo, ngoku ifomyula yokunqanda umkhenkce ihambele phambili kakhulu, ukuze isithuba sokutshintsha isipholileyo sandiswe ngokuqhubekayo .Ekuqaleni, umjikelo wokutshintshwa kwesipholisi wawucetyiswe iminyaka emithathu, emva koko wandiswa  ukuya kwiminyaka emine, kwaye ngoku iGM icebisa iminyaka emihlanu okanye i-250,000 yeekhilomitha kwezinye izithuthi.Ifomula yangoku yesipholisi inokuthintela iingxaki ezihlala zivela kwisixokelelwano sokupholisa ngenxa yokulibaziseka  kokutshintshwa kwesipholisi.Isisipholisi esitsha siyakwazi ukumelana nokubola kweekhompawundi ze-carboxyl, oko kukuthi, iisilicates, iiphosphates indlela zamanzi ezivala izinto ezingaphiliyo ezifumaneka kwi-glycol eqhelekileyo.Nangona isisipholisi esitsha  sibiza ngaphezulu kunesipholisi sakudala, sinokuqinisekisa ukuba impompo isebenza kakuhle ixesha elide, ngoko ke iyonga imali.Ukuze usebenzise kakuhle ▶ isixolisi sobomi, isixokelelwano sokupholisa kufuneka sicocwe ngocoselelo xa utshintshwa.

Apha ukuthetha malunga nomgangatho we-antifreeze.Igama elithi “antifreeze” alichanekanga, kuba usebenziso lwe antifreeze ayiyo ⶴ isinqandi sokukhenkceza kuphela, kodwa ikwafuna ukumelana nokuhlwa, ukuthambisa impompo yokutywina ukuphakamisa indawo yokubila.Ngoko ke, isithinteli-mkhenkce esingaziwayo akufunekanga sisetyenziswe njengoko sinokuqulatha izongezo ezingafanelekanga  kumaxabiso ayingozi e-pH.

Ubuzaza bengxaki yokuvuza kwenkqubo yokupholisa abunakuqikelelwa , obungayi kwenza umonakalo womoya orholeyo kuphela indlela yokuqukuqela esele iqingqwe kwangaphambili yokupholisa, ekhokelela ekuvelisweni kweendawo ezishushu, kodwa inokwenza kube mandundu ukuhlwa kwempompo.

Ukuba ubungakanani bexesha lokupholisa ▶ alanelanga, oko kuya kubangela ukushisa okugqithisileyo kwe-injini, kwaye ngokubonakala komhlwa komphunga, kungonakalisi nje iradiyetha, kodwa kuvelise ezinye iingxaki zempompo.